Fianl Part B

I really enjoyed this class, it was very informative and went through all aspects of German culture, from its history to its modern culture. I was very pleased with how the class flow went, although 1 day a week was very hard to keep focused with i still managed to stay on schedule with it. 1 suggestion is that this class be bumped up to 1 more day a week. I was very pleased with how informed and knowledgeable the professor was and the fact he was very easy to talk to although i may have been a little intimidated at first.

Final part A

1.http://ge110brittanyba.blogspot.com
2. Why did the blog draw your interest as you started reviewing it, why not?
It drew my interest right away because it was very colorful and aesthetic, it is very organized with pictures and plenty of text to support it
3. How much care did the blog author show for her or his blog? How can you tell?
She put a lot of effort int hers, she added her own theme to it and cared how each post looked
4. How would you rate the overall informative quality on a scale of 1-5 (five is high)
5
5. How would you rate the readability of the blog on a scale of 1-5 (five is high)
5
6. Compared to your own blog, is the reviewed blog better, the same, or worse?
better

1. http://ge110jamesot.blogspot.com
2. Why did the blog draw your interest as you started reviewing it, why not?
not really because many of the posts were missing
3. How much care did the blog author show for her or his blog? How can you tell?
not very much care overall
4. How would you rate the overall informative quality on a scale of 1-5 (five is high)
3
5. How would you rate the readability of the blog on a scale of 1-5 (five is high)
3
6. Compared to your own blog, is the reviewed blog better, the same, or worse?
worse, there are only 2 posts to show

1.http://ge110davids.blogspot.com
2. Why did the blog draw your interest as you started reviewing it, why not?
it as well was very easy to look at and read
3. How much care did the blog author show for her or his blog? How can you tell?
high amount he neatly organized all his information and pictures
4. How would you rate the overall informative quality on a scale of 1-5 (five is high)
5
5. How would you rate the readability of the blog on a scale of 1-5 (five is high)
5
6. Compared to your own blog, is the reviewed blog better, the same, or worse?
the same as mine, although i may have not have had a them to mine my informantion is on par

Red Army Faction

The Red Army Faction was founded in 1970 as a West Germany Militant group that described itself as communist and anti imperialist. The engaged in armed attacks in an urban guerrilla warfare against a fascist state. They were considered terrorists by the West German government. From 1970-1998 they were at their most active and 1977 their attacks led to a national crisis known as "German Autumn." The RAF was responsible for 24 deaths throughout its 30 years of being active.

It was founded by Andreas Baader, Gudrun Ensslin, Horst Mahler, and Urlike Meinhof. Meinhof was not officially a leader of the RAF but her assistance in breaking Baader out of jail attached her name to the RAF. on April 20, 1998 an eight page letter was faxed to the Reuters agency declaring that the group had dissolved. Its insignia is a red star with an MP5 in front of it

Role of the German military in 20th and 21st centuries.

The early 20th century was very destructive for the German state. With WW1 The Germans had the most powerful army and the second most powerful navy, The war was caused by Austria's Crown prince was assassinated. The war left over 2 million German soldiers dead, The economy in ruins because they were forced to pay all war reparations. Post war Germany was not allowed to have a standing army or Navy.  This caused the Rise of Adolf Hitler, who felt Germany was ashamed and moved the German people and the country to starting WW2 with the 1939 invasion of Poland. During the course of the war between 3.25 million and 5.3 million soldiers were killed, and between 1 and 3 million German civilians were killed. This again caused the country to be in shambles separated by the Iron curtain. Democratic east and Communist west. Each area had established its own standing army. Post Cold war the newly formed Germany had around 360,000 soldiers.

The 21st century, the German army had around 7 divisions total. 5 mechanized (each with two mechanized brigades), 1 special forces, and one airmobile division. Germany is now allied with NATO and actively participates in NATO operations around the world. The active duty and reserve component of the military both man and women is around 115,000 man and women.

Relations to Germanys immediate neighbors in 18th and 19th centuries

in the 1700's the Prussian empire occupied the territory in current Germany. Sweden was defeated by Russia, Saxony, Poland, Denmark–Norway, Hanover, and Prussia in the Great Northern War (1700–1721). This war ceased Swedish power in The Baltic Sea.
From 1740-1760 Prussia was at War with Austria and in 1748 Prussia gained the territory of Silesia. humiliated Austria formed and alliance with France and Russia while Prussia sought help from England. Defeating the Austrian army at the Battle of Burkersdorf and relying on British success against France, Prussia was finally able to force a status quo ante bellum on the continent. This result confirmed Prussia's major role within the German states and was established as a European great power. Frederick caused near-defeat of Prussia, and ruled as a much more peaceable ruler.

During the 1800's Napoleon had his war, at first Prussia was allied with France and invaded British territories. But as the war progressed Prussia had half its territories cut in 1807 with Napoleons first defeat. In the second Napoleanic war, Prussia was occupied but allied with france, with French defeat inevitable. Prussia sided with Russia and defeated the French in 1812.

Germany was finally unified in 1862, after the Franco-Prussian War.

source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia

Berlin Calling

Berlin Calling follows a DJ in Berlin as he deals with drugs, drama, and putting out his new album

1. What do drugs mean to  Ickarus?

Drugs are almost everything everything to him. They are how he deals with stress, anger, as well as when he goes on stage and performs.

2. When, why, and how are his fans taking drugs, and which drugs do they take?

His fans take drugs during his performances and afterwards. They take them to enjoy his music and that is also the culture surrounding Techno music. The drugs I've seen is Herion, Cocaine, Weed, Ecstacy, and DMT.

3.While we can see that his drug habits get him ill and into psychosis, and while we witness his relapse and inability to work successfully, why does the subculture Ickarus belongs to focus on drugs?

Because the Techno culture wants to be in another world, away from their problems. Hence the light shows and music. He believes that in order to make music that is good enough for his fans, he has to be able to think and act like them. So he takes the same drugs as they do.

Question 4: Compare the standards you know from your home society with the people you see depicted in this movie. Which are the stark differences and contrasts?

I come from small town USA. So doing drugs is extremely frowned upon, and doing them in public is a no no as well. I know people who are very open to this kind of thing with the Techno subculture and have done this kind of thing. They are very open about it. Ive always been raised to keep your private life that.

5. Germany is considered a strong industrial nation the world over. Do you think that the youth culture as depicted here could change that? How about work ethics of Ickarus and of Alice, the label director who fires and then resigns him?

This is a very small group of people, and this is found all over the world. Many people that I have come across do the things they do. Yes listening to Techno has become more popular over the last few years, however more people are aware that doing the drugs and doing the things these people do is very detrimental to the human body. So unless people suddenly think that cocaine and heroin are good for you I don't think this would be detrimental to Gemany or the world. Without drugs Ickarus is very groggy and unable to make music, so he is very dependent on the drugs to do what he does. Alice is very driven and wants the best for Ickarus.

6. Which similar “cult movies” of US origin have you seen, if any?

I have seen a few that are similar to Berlin Calling. The first one being Trainspotting  It tells of the story of some young adults in Britain who are Heroin addicts. The other one I've seen is Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas.  It stars Johnny Depp, Benicio Del Toro, and Tobey MacGuire. Its based in the 70's and has a huge drug culture base in there as well.

German Gymnastics

• Founded in 1811 following Germanys fall to Napoleon Bonaparte by Fredrich Ludwig Jahn
• Wanted to restore Germanys national pride through the physical and mental development through gymnastics
• Emphasized the use of parallel bars, rings, and the high bar. All still used used today
• Ludwig Jahn joined the Prussian army in 1806 and at one time commanded a battalion of men against Napoleon  
• not just a sports organization but a political as well
• Brought it to U.S by Charles Beck, however was much more of a fad and not as taken as seriously as it was in Germany
• Militarized viewpoint, vey strict and very controlled physical fitness. Essentially Jahn wanted to make Germanys citizens strong so the nation itself would become strong.
  
• The Swedes version used no apparatus's was less rigid and used more calisthenics
• Adolf Spiel, a German himself invented the gymnastics rings, originally they were triangles instead of circles, they were first featured in the 1924 Paris Olympic games

Sources:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Systems

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Ludwig_Jahn#Contribution_to_sports

http://www.ihpra.org/gymnastics%20history.htm

Chapter 8 presentations (From the perspective of Paul)

I see these men, these Russian soldiers, these men are mere shadows of what must have been shadows of themselves. They grovel and search for scraps like wild animals for food. Which the only they find is in the garbages, little is thrown out by us. Yet there is a shred of humanity in these men. These men who Ive been told are ruthless, and heartless men who will kill me at any chance, they are nothing like that. 

The other german soldiers mostly ignore them, but some kick their starving diseased bodies. I thin we in fact are the heartless ruthless men that our teachers warned about, not the Russians. I see these men and they are caring for each other, they do not fight among themselves they no longer have any reason to fight among themselves.I cannot relate to them as individual men because I can only sees the animal suffering in them. 

I see them suffering and I want to help them I give some of my cigarettes to the Russians. There is one man who I can somewhat relate to. He is a musician who said he played the violin in Berlin. I watched and listened as he played against the fence for the other Russians. I hear only sadness and loneliness. 

My parents came by and gave me some food, I am debating giving them to the Russians. They need it more than I do. If I were in their shoes I would hope that not everyone of my enemy is a heartless bastard. There is goodness in everyone. Then I thought my mother is in pain from her sickness, and She made these for me not the Russians. I decide to compromise and give them 2. If I have learned anything else from this war is that it is all a lie, my teachers said that the enemy will kill me at any turn. But from what Ive seen these men are just like me, brainwashed into believing that the man on the other side of the fence is my enemy and will want nothing but to kill me and my entire family. This is not true, these are humans with families, and emotions like me who want the killing to stop. 

Self revelations (Detering)

I am Detering, I'm a man who before the madness of war started was a simple farm man with a simple family and life. This war has changed so many things about me, the first ting is about these creatures who are absolutely magnificent being used for something as lowly as war. Horses do not belong on the battlefield, the belong under the plains and allowed to be free to run and eat at much as they want. Since this war started, they are only used for the whims of man, to cause havoc and to kill. Horses have no urge to kill each other because they have a different coat. Why do we? When I heard after a bombardment horses screaming, writhing and slowly dying. I couldn't take it. They do not need to suffer at the hands of their riders. I desperately wanted to end their suffering i wanted to shoot them and not let them die slowly. I only want what is humane. Kat prevented me from doing this, he didn't want me to give away my position.

I decide to leave and go AWOL, after I saw a beautiful cherry tree. It reminded of home and i didn't want to be here any more. Soon after I left I was captured and court marshaled by them. I never again saw my friends again.

Group 3 Bergen, Presentation on Hanse cities(Thomas, Tabitha, Ryan, Nate, Jaffar)

Founding

• Founded in 12th Century AD
• Trade was the backbone of Hanseatic League
• most common item of trade was Salt, crucial for many cities who had huge fish industries

Trust and Truth

• Contracts were done by handshake and word of mouth.
• Written contracts were not as necessary because there was general trust shared by league members
• If problems arose the league would meet with city representatives to resolve the issues at hand.

Historical Markers

• The start of the Hansa was traced back to the rebuilding of northern German town, Lubeck in 1159 by Henry Lion, Duke of Saxony and Bavaria.
• 1265- All German towns, with the Law of Lubeck, had agreed on common legislation for the defense of merchants and their goods.
• 1270- Lubeck-Hamburg association aquired trading privileges in Flanders and England United.
• 1280- The confederation of German Merchants trading in the west, was closely closely joined to the association trading in the Baltic. 
• By the early 13th century Germans had a strong build on long distant trade in the Baltic.

Cities

• Each city governed itself like a independent city, each had its own legal system, standing army, treasury, court and seal
• However it was not a city-state nor a group of city-states. Only very few cities in the Hanseatic League enjoyed independence that could compare to an imperial city
• Socially every city has many similarities; what they traded, who they traded with, their cities, and their social standings. The few differences are mainly to do with cultural influences. Mainly language. 
• The main language spoken throughout the Hanseatic cities was German, however languages such as estonian and Latvian were popular as well.    

Trade Routes

• Bergen was not only the capital of Norway, but also the center of trade for Western Norway.
• Bryggens was the harbor in Bergen used for trade.  
• The ships they used for transport, carried cod from Norway to the European countries.
• Catholics used the fish for when they fasted.

Describe the ships, cities and social make up of Hanse Cities.

Ships

• Usually 20-30m long by 5-8 m wide with a crew of only 5-10 men
• built similar to Viking ships, however were only merchant ships
• Flat bottoms which were fitted for sailing in the shallow seas, mainly sailed along the coast and unable to sail against the wind
• Ships shipped every sort of good, but main exports and imports were salt, herring, grains, timber, and amber

The Hanse

The Hanse

The Hanseatic League was a commercial and defensive coalition of merchant guilds and their market towns that dominated trade along the coast of Northern Europe. It stretched from the Baltic Sea to the North Sea and inland during the 13th to 17th centuries.

The League was created to protect economic and diplomatic interests in the cities and countries as well as along the trade routes that the merchants visited. The Hanseatic cities had their own legal system, and standing armies for protection. The Hanse was not a city-state, nor a alliance of city-states; only a small number of the cities within the league enjoyed the freedom comparable to those of a free city. Another role fulfilled by the league was to provide its members with independence from the local rulers. The merchants still owed allegiance to the Holy Roman Emperor however. 

Which UNESCO world heritage sites are in Berlin

Group #1 Presentation

Berlin, Brandenburg

Group Members
Mike Reimann
Alex McDonough
De-Souza, Thomas
Brian Madsen
Mohammed Alsuwailem
Fayez Alanazi
Tatiana Satchivi

Berlin

-Capital of Germany
-1237 Was eventually taken as the year of founding of Berlin
-"Excavations from 2008 suggest that the city may be even older than was previously assumed: state archaeologists have discovered an oak beam that probably dates back to 1183."(Source)
- The 12th and 13th Centuries were the initial beginning and buildup of the city
-1307 Berlin and Cölln form a union together. They ran as independent cities under a united front.  The advantages of this were that they looked larger to the outside community.
-By the early 1400's the combined population of Berlin and Cölln are around 8,000 people
-In 1576 nearly 4,000 people died of Bubonic Plague.
-Roughly around 1600 there was a combined population of only 12,000 people.
-1618-1648 Thirty Years War, This war was a major conflict in Central Europe(mainly current day Germany) that involved most of the European Countries.  It started as a religious war, then shifted to a political power grab, between a few of the countries.  When all was said and done, Berlin had lost a third of their houses and close to half of their entire population.
-In 1701 Elector Frederick III crowned himself King of Prussia and announced he had deemed Berlin the capital.
-1806 Napoleon and his troops march into Berlin and Occupy it with french reign until 1808.
-1809 Berlin is granted with the ability to self govern.  They picked their first Mayoral candidate, who had to be approved by the king.
-1848 The german people revolt against the government because they are having their rights infringed upon.  This war lasts less than a year.
-1869 Red Town Hall is built, still used to this day.
-1871 Berlin becomes the capital of the German Reich. This boost in political status, industrialization, and the economic boom of the next few decades give rise to many new businesses in the city. Berlin becomes the empire’s political, economic, and scientific capital(Source)
-1900- Berlin and surrounding areas amass a population of 2.5 Million People.
-1914-1918 Berlin's people are starving due to World War I going on.  Massive strikes ensued.
-1929 The country is dramatically affected by the great depression, very similar to situations in the U.S. at the time.
-1933 Adolf Hitler intertwines Socialism into the German Political system.  This is the end of Democracy.
1935-1936 Berlin creates the worlds first tv broadcast.  In 1936 Berlin hosts the olympics.
-1939-World War II begins
-1945 Hitler commits suicide as World War II comes to an end for Berlin.
1961- Political and governmental controversies lead  to the creation of the Berlin Wall.
-1989 Berlin wall comes down.
-1990- Unification takes place and Germany is given full sovereignty
1995- Berlins Constitution is approved and passed with a 75% approval rating.
-2006-Germany holds the World cup.
-2012-Berlin celebrates its 775th Anniversary

Brandenburg

-Outskirts and country land of and around Berlin.

-In the 7th Century Slavic people are in Brandenburg area.

-10th Century Henry the Fowler conquered the slavic people and took them under margraves control.

-16th and 17th Centuries Brandenburg has some very influential leaders and are fairly successful at land grabs.  They grow increasingly in size.

-1700's Germany and Prussia become one forming the Kingdom of Prussia

-1881- Berlin is separated from the Province of Brandenburg

-1925- Brandenburg has a population of 2.5 Million

-1939-1945 World War II takes place and wipes out most of Brandenburg's Native german population.

-1947 Prussia falls

-1952 Brandenburg is divided into districts

1990- Brandenburg was reestablished but was devastated by joblessness and economic hard times.  Reunification takes place.

Current day- All roads to Berlin go through the beautiful countryside of Brandenburg.  The capital city is Potsdam. "People:Population (2013): 2,5 million Religions: 17.8% Protestants, 2.2% Roman Catholic, 78.9% no religious affiliation." (Source)

As you know we are comparing between Berlin and Brandenburg.

I will talk about the populations and the biggest cities on these two states:-

First, let me introduce Berlinto you. “Berlin is the capital city of Germany and one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.5 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city.” Also. Berlin is one of the most multiculturalcities where that carrying foreign passports are more than 470,000 people of the3.4 million people citizenship. There are long periods of time since the residentsof more than 184 countries. In additions, Berlin is located to the east ofGermany in central Europe. However, it is the second biggest city in Europe after Landen city.

Second state is Brandenburg, “It lies in the east of the country and is one of the federal states that was re-created in 1990 upon the reunification of the former West Germany and East Germany. Brandenburg surrounds but does not include the national capital and city-state Berlin”. However, the captil of the state is Potsdam with a population of 2.45 million.

References

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brandenburg

Berlin

-               Berlin is the capital and the biggest city of Germany. The region is both the capital and city-state of Germany that hosts the German executive office.

-               Political affiliation in Berlin lies between two parties: coalition of the Social Democratic party and the Christian Democratic Union, as well as the Pirate Party. These two parties are responsible for all political activities practiced in the city (Habermas 66).

-              Berlin has many religious groups; however, 60% of locals are not affiliated to any religious group, thereby being described as atheists. With the few believers, majority is comprised of Protestants, followed by Roman Catholics, and Muslims.

-              In terms of culture, the world recognizes Berlin in terms of cultural and creative industries (Habermas 78). Berlin has major cultural institutions with developing music, art scene, and dance in the 21^st century.  Currently, the city is considered one of the entertainment centres of Europe.

Brandenburg

-               Brandenburg an der Havel, or simply Brandenburg, is a city in the Brandenburg state. Political affiliations of the region consist in three major parties: the Social Democratic Party of Germany, the Left Party, and the Christian Democratic Union. The three parties are responsible for all political activities happening in the region (Nations Online Project).

-               Most of the citizens of Brandenburg are non-religious, amounting to 79.8% of the locals. However, few are affiliated to Evangelical Church, Roman Catholic, and a small proportion being Muslims.

-               Brandenburg is also considered as a cultural centre. The city has various architectural buildings associated with Prussian royalty. In addition, the city hosts many musical festivals. The diversity in cultural activities within the region helps in building the image of Brandenburg as one of the cultural centres in Germany(Nations Online Project).

Works Cited

Habermas, Jürgen. A Berlin Republic: Writings on Germany. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1997. Print.

Nations Online Project. Brandenburg. n.d. 4 September 2014 <http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/Germany/brandenburg.htm>.

Which UNESCO world heritage sites are in Berlin and Brandenburg

Berlin

• The Berlin Museumsinsel is a complex of buildings composed of different individual museums which have both historical and artistic importance.
• It is located in the heart of the city.
• Built between 1824 and 1930 by Prussian architects
• The art museum is owes its origins to the Age of Enlightenment and extends to all people to the French Revolution. 
• The Altes Museum was built to the designs of Karl Friedrich Schinkel in 1824-28.
• 1866, when the Nationalgalerie, the work of Johann Heinrich Strack, was built.
• Two more decades passed before the Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum (now the Bodemuseum) was built in 1897-1904 to the designs of Ernst von Ihne
• It has a total of 5 buildings The Altes Museum, Neues Museum, the Nationalgalerie, The Bodemuseum, and the Pergamonmuseum
• In Germany, preserving and maintaining monuments is the responsibility of the Federal States
• The Ministry of Foreign Affairs is the lead organization for Germany’s cooperation with UNESCO
• UNESCO stands for United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
• Founded November 4th 1946
• To date, 39 German sites have been included on the UNESCO World Heritage List along with the years they were founded some are listed below
  Aachen Cathedral (World Heritage site since 1978)
  Speyer Cathedral (1981)
  Würzburg Residence with the Court Gardens and Residence Square (1981)
  Pilgrimage Church of Wies (1983)
  Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (1990)
  Abbey of Lorsch (1991)
  Mines of Rammelsberg, Historic Town of Goslar and Upper Harz Water Management System (1992)
  Wartburg Castle (1999)
  Ancient Beech Forests of Germany (2011), 
  Fagus Factory in Alfeld (2011), 
  Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps (2011), 
  Margravial Opera House Bayreuth (2012), 
  Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe (2013),
  Carolingian Westwork and Civitas Corvey (2014)

Brandenburg

•  500 hectares of parks and 150 buildings constructed between 1730 and 1916
• Located in Potsdam
• built by Frederick II between 1745 and 1747.
• The 290 ha park was laid out around several buildings. Symmetrically surrounding the castle to the East and the West 
• After the Seven Years War (1756-63) Frederick the Great ordered the construction of the New Palace, a huge Rococo-style construction with over 200 rooms
• Extends into the district of Berlin-Zehlendorf, with the palaces and parks line the banks of the River Havel and Lake Glienicke.
• Voltaire himself stayed at Sans-Souci Palace.
• Potsdam, which was mentioned first in the 10th century, became much more important as a city when the Great Elector of Brandenburg, Frederick William (1620-88) established his residence there. 
• Potsdam housed a small garrison of troops starting from 1640 up to modern times; Potsdams military function was strengthened by the Prussians

Most of Berlin's economy runs on the service sector with maybe 80% of all companies offering some sort of service. Some important major industries in Berlin include Life Sciences, transportation, information and communication technologies, media and music, advertising and design, biotechnology, environmental services, construction, e-commerce, retail, hotel business, and medical engineering. Creative arts and entertainment are also major keystone industries in Berlin as it generates "18.6 billion Euros in total revenue." Overall Berlin has a growing economy that will continue to push boundaries and set new standards.

During the industrial revolution Berlin became Germany's main rail hub and a center of locomotive manufacturing. The city was a leader in manufacturing machinery and eventually developed an important Chemical industry. As the end of the 19th century drew near Berlin became a world leader in in the electrical equipment industry. Around the 1930's the city's main industry became weapon production while under the rule of the Nazi's.

Brandenburg has quite a varied industrial base in Germany with industries like engineering, steelmaking, metalworking, paper production, food processing, petroleum refining, mining, and energy production from Liginite which is a form of coal. Due to Brandenburg completely surrounding Berlin and its rural geography it is also a major transportation hub in central Europe with connections to Eastern and Western Europe. Renewable energies and power equipment are starting to take root as well in Brandenburg.

As of this moment there are no past industries worth noting in Brandenburg's history. This is due to lack of information on the internet, possibly because of destroyed documents during the soviet reign over the region and the recovering economy after the reunification. Overall the information could not be found and is likely nonexistent.

links:
http://www.berlin.de/berlin-im-ueberblick/wirtschaft/berliner_wirtschaft.en.html


http://www.berlin.de/wirtschaft/wirtschaftsstandort/index.en.php


http://www.businesslocationcenter.de/industry-sector?closed=1


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Berlin


http://www.brandenburg.de/cms/detail.php/bb2.c.413681.de


http://www.ccpitbj.org/web/static/articles/catalog_ff8080813909ead701397543fbec0662/article_2c90948a39281916013928191b19000a/ff8080813909ead701398ec0cf5f08dc.pdf

The Golden Twenties Of Berlin

Berlin in the 1920’s was a vibrant city with sophisticated and innovative culture in and around Berlin.  Berlin had a verity of literature, film, music, and painting. These people below were some of the trailblazers in literature, film, and music.

-Literature: Bruno Alfred Döblin (August 10, 1878 – June 26, 1957) Bruno Alfred Döblin was a novelist and a doctor that is best known for his novel Berlin Alexanderplatz. Döblin is one of Germanys most important figures in literary modernism.

-Film: Fritz Lang: (December 5, 1890 – August 2, 1976) Fritz Lang was a filmmaker, screenwriter, and occasional film producer and actor. Fritz is best known for his groundbreaking film Metropolis. He also helped change Hollywood from what it was to what it is now.

-Music: Kurt Weill. (March 2, 1900- April 3, 1950) Kurt Weill was a composer that worked with the likes of Bertolt Brecht. Weill and Brecht were best known for

The Threepenny Opera.

All the names above contributed to what Berlin culture and some of the culture that we know in the United States. These names above are the most important names that came out of Berlin in the 1920’s.

Famous Landmarks in Brandenburg

Brandenburg has a lot of famous landmarks that make the sate what it is.  Theses landmarks give the state a dynamic look and separate’s it from the other state.

-Hunters Gate was built in in 1773 in Potsdam. The gate was a part of the city wall and was used to prevent the smuggling of contraband from entering the city. In 1869 the city wall brought down but the gate remained standing till this day.

-Great Refractor was built in 1899 and is the fourth largest refracting telescope. Albert Einstein said that the Great refractor “ One of the most striking features of science park.”

- Schloss Cecilienhof is the last palace built by the Hohenzllern family, the family ruled Prussia and Germany. This beautiful palace was location of the Potsdam conference in 1945. The conference was a conference that brought Soviet Union, United Kingdom and the United States leaders.

These are some of the famous landmarks that Brandenburg has. These landmarks separate Brandenburg fro the other states in Germany. The Hunters Gate, Great Refractor and Schloss Cecilienhof all are remarkable landmarks that other parts of Germany does not have, this givesBrandenburg a historical feel.

  BERLIN

·       CULINARY SPECIALTIES

Due to the fact that it is the capital, there is a diversity of dishes found in Berlin.

Wiener schnitzel (Viennese veal scallop): This is a dish made of a thin piece of meat, commonly veal cutlets but other meats such as beef, chicken, pork can be used. The meat is dipped into beaten eggs, flour, and breadcrumbs, then lightly fried in a combination of oil and butter.

Source: Pictures and more information at à

-          http://www.germanfoodguide.com/schnitzel.cfm#holstein

Kasseler Rippchen: This dish is pork chops that are slightly smoked and ripened in salt brine (salty water).

Source: Pictures and more information at à

-          http://www.germanfoodguide.com/cookingdetail.cfm?cooking_nr=4

Berliner: This is a pastry that is similar to doughnut. Berliners are made with a sweet yeast-dough and fried. Then they are filled with jam or vanilla cream 9usually in another region of Germany called Bavaria). Finally, powder sugar or icing is sprinkled on top of the pastry.

Source: Pictures and more information at à

-          http://www.germanfoodguide.com/sweetdetail.cfm?sweet_nr=47

Hoppelpoppel: This is a typical dish from Berlin. It is made with leftover meat, scrambled eggs, potatoes, tomatoes, and onions. It is eaten for supper or lunch.

Source: Pictures and more information at à

-          http://www.quick-german-recipes.com/hoppel-poppel.html

-          http://www.germanfoodguide.com/kartoffel.cfm#soup

• TURKISH CULTURE IN BERLIN 

_ Over five percent of Berlin’s population is made of people of Turkish descent. The oldest Turkish cemetery for Muslims in Germany was founded in 1863.

_ German and Turkey, which both did not officially exist back in 1761 made a trade agreement to stand against Austria but this collaboration did not last. Even so, there were cultural changes in Germany after Turks’ arrival. For instance, Turkish weddings, which differ from traditional German weddings are spread out in Berlin. Another example is Turkish dishes such as the Döner kebab (gyros), which is often made of lamb, but in some cases with beef, veal or chicken. The meat is cooked on a vertical rotisserie. It is then served wrapped in a flatbread or as a sandwich with veggies such as tomatoes, onions and fries.

Source: à

- http://www.slowtravelberlin.com/a-short-history-of-turkish-berlin/

 Pictures and more information at à

-          http://www.movingto-berlin.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Mustafas-D%C3%B6ner.jpg

-          http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:D%C3%B6ner_Kebab

BRANDENBURG

·    CULINARY SPECIALTIES

In Brandenburg a high percentage of ingredients are obtained locally. Potato is one of the most common ingredients used throughout Germany and it is a main ingredient in Brandenburg cooking.

Kartoffelpuffer (potato pancakes): These pancakes are made with either raw or cooked potatoes combined with eggs and flour then pan-fried. They usually are accompanied with apple sauce, peaches, or other fruits. They also can be eaten with meat or seafood such as smoked salmon.

Source: Pictures and more information at à

-          https://www.flickr.com/photos/81416999@N00/5515118217

-          http://www.germanfoodguide.com/kartoffel.cfm#puffer

Sauerkraut (sour cabbage): This is made with thinly sliced and fermented green cabbage. The fermentation process is done with lactic acid bacteria. After fermentation the cabbage is sour. This dish can be eaten raw or cooked with meat in the form of sausage. It is very high in nutrients.

Source: Pictures and more information at à

-          http://www.germanfoodguide.com/sauerkraut.cfm

          ·        TURKISH CULTURE IN BRANDENBURG 

     _ The Turkish Union in Berlin-Brandenburg was founded in 1991 to represent the rights of citizens of Turkish origin.

_ German-Turkish Co-production Development Fund supports the development of projects made by German and Turkish producers. Each year, approximately 150 000 Euros (approx. $193,946) are collected to support this Co-production.

            Source: à

-         http://www.futureplatform.eu/03357e99080935d05/03357e9937118de01.html

-         http://www.medienboard.de/WebObjects/Medienboard.woa/wa/CMSshow/2763169